“国际主义”与“国家主义”之争——文物返还问题探析

文物作为文化价值与经济价值的统一体,极易通过多种途径流失。在流失文物的返还问题上一向存有“文化国际主义”与“文化国家主义”两种对立理论,本文从对这两种理论的评介出发,认为文化国家主义才是国际社会应有的正确理论态度。同时通过对两种理论在现有国际公约中的各自体现的讨论,最终揭示出国家主义所处的现实困境,并提出了摆脱这一困境的建议。

Contradiction Between "Internationalism" and "Nationalism--Problems Concerning of the Recovery of Cultural Relics

Historical relics are of both cultural and economic value and it is easy for us to lose them in different situations. “ Cultural internationalism” and “ cultural nationalism” are two opposing theories concerning the recovery of lost cultural relics. Based on a consideration of these theories, this article concludes that “ cultural nationalism” is a sensible attitude that the international society should adopt. Finally, by a discussion of the two theories reflected respectively in existing international conventions, this article reveals the actual predicament that “ nationalism” is in and offers some advice on the ways to deal with the awkward situation.