俄国动员型发展道路和政治因素在社会发展中的主导地位

摘要：社会发展类型取决于社会面临的发展任务与解决这些任务的现有条件之间的关系，发展类型的两个终端是内源型和动员型。在内源型发展模式下起主导作用的是经济因素；经济主体的利益与国家利益一致。在动员型发展模式下，国家和私人的利益发生冲突，政治目的和任务成为发展的主导因素。俄国特殊的历史条件决定其在各个发展时期主要是动员型发展模式，实行严格的中央集权官僚体制。俄国政治现代化进程在很大程度上取决于政治主体的因素，特别是政权载体的个人品质。

Russian Social Development Road of a Mobilization Kind and Political Factors'''' Leading Position in Social Development

The type of social development depends on the relationship between the tasks for development faced by society and the existing conditions for completing the tasks;the two terminals of development category are endogenous type and mobilizing type. What is playing a leading role under the development of endogenous type is an economic factor;the interests of economic mainstay accord with the interests of the state. Under the development of mobilizing type, state interests conflict with private interest,and political aims and tasks become essential factors in social development. Russia＇s special historical conditions decide that its social development model is mainly mobilizing type,carrying out a rigid bureaucratic system of centralism. The process of Russia＇s political modernization depends on the factor of political mainstay, to a great degree, especially the personal quality of the political power cartier.