强制性侦查措施的法律规制与法律监督

不需要得到相对人自愿配合而直接实施的侦查措施为强制性侦查措施。强制性侦查措施具有正当性，同时也具有侵害公民基本权益的弊端。为避免或减轻强制性侦查措施对公民权利造成侵害，需要通过法律规范强制性侦查措施，同时需要加强对强制性侦查措施的法律监督。目前我国强制性侦查措施的法律规制严重不足，对于强制性侦查措施的法律监督局限于对逮捕等强制措施适用的监督，对搜查、扣押、冻结等大量强制性侦查措施尚未形成有效的监督机制。强化对于强制性侦查措施的法律监督，需要通过立法完善强制性侦查措施的规范体系，同时也有赖于检察机关改革、优化侦查监督的工作机制。

Legal Regulationand Legal Supervision of Compulsory Investigation Measure

Compulsory investigation measures can be implemented directly by investigation agencies without the voluntary cooperation of the relative persons. As necessary and important tools to expose and punish the crimes, the compulsory investigation measures have legitimacy, but still have the disadvantage of infringing the basic rights of citizens. To avoid or alleviate this disadvantage, legislation should be enacted to regulate these measures, the principles and procedures to apply these measures should be set and the legal supervision over these measures should be strengthened. In China, the current legal regulation of compulsory investigation measures suffers severe weakness, and for many measures there exist no laws for regulation. Accordingly, the legal supervision over compulsory investigation measures is limited to the compulsory measures such as arrest, and the effective supervision mechanism regarding many other compulsory investigation measures such as search, seizure and freezing has not been established yet. The legislation of compulsory investigation measures lags seriously, making the non-normative application possible and the prosecution agency get into the trouble of having no laws to follow. In order to strengthen the legal supervision over compulsory investigation measures, we should improve the normative system through legislation, reform the prosecution agency and optimize the investigation supervision working mechanism. That is, we should set up and improve the judicial review system, the record censorship system, the prosecution guiding investigation system and the citizen complaint system, so as to elevate the strength and actual effectiveness of the supervision over compulsory investigation measures.