植物新品种权滥用的法律规制

生物技术的快速发展和农业技术革命的不断推进,使被不断扩张、强化的植物新品种权已不仅仅作为育种技术创新的机制存在,而是更大程度上成为经营者从事市场竞争、垄断的工具。具有巨大资本运营能力的跨国种业巨头,利用植物新品种权及其他农业知识产权,垄断发展中国家的农业化工产业、种植业甚至饲料和农产品加工业等,使发展中国家农业的可持续发展面临巨大风险。因此,对植物新品种权滥用进行法律规制已成为摆在各国,特别是发展中国家面前重要而紧迫的任务。植物新品种权的社会公益性理论、私权限制理论、竞争理论等,为植物新品种权滥用的法律规制提供了理论基础;而民法、植物新品种权保护法和反垄断法,则为规制植物新品种权滥用提供了三种重要的法律途径。

The Legal Regulation for Abuse of New Plant Varieties Property

Because of the rapid development of the biotechnology and the propel oi the agncultural tecnnotogy reform,the ever expanding and intensifying new plant varieties become not only a kind of system to encourage breeding innovations, but also an instrument to help proprietor to compete and monopolize in the market, which damages to the legitimate interests of others and the public interests. Therefore, the legal regulation for abuse of the new plant varieties property has become a significant and pressing mission for each country, especially for the developing countries. Those of the social benefit theory, the private rights limited theory and competition theory on the new plant varieties property have provided a theoretical basis for the legal regulation of the abuse of them. Besides, the Civil Law, the new plant varieties three importantly legal approaches to the legal regulation Property Protection Law and Antimonopoly Law are for abuse of the new plant varieties property.