行政瑕疵对环境犯罪的影响

作为环境犯罪前置性规范的行政可能存在瑕疵。行政瑕疵包括行政规范违法、行政处分违法以及行政规范欠缺三种情况。行政规范瑕疵分为行政法规违宪与行政命令违法。行政处分瑕疵可能导致行政处分无效以及行政处分可撤销两大类。行政存在瑕疵时，刑事法院是否有审查权、环境犯罪如何处理，外国的一些做法值得我们借鉴。我国在处理类似问题时应当区别具体行政行为与抽象行政行为。法院对规章及其以下的抽象行政行为以及具有重大明显违法情形的具体行政行为的适法性应当具有审查权。行政规范欠缺时环境犯罪的处理可以在立法技术上通过反面规定的形式加以解决。

The Influence of Flaws in Administrative Norms on Environmental Crime

The Administrative norms may be defective as the pre-normative of environmental crime. Flaws in administrative norms include illegal administrative norms, illegal administrative disciplinary action and the lack of administrative norms. Illegal administrative norms are divided into unconstitutional administrative regulations and illegal executive order. Defects may lead to invalid or revocable administrative disciplinary action. When there are flaws in administrative norms, we should learn from foreign practices about whether the criminal court has the fight of review the legality of administrative norms and how to deal with environmental crime. In China, we should deal with it by distinguishing between the specific administrative act and abstract ones. The court can review the effects of significant illegal specific administrative acts and abstract ones of regulatory level and above. When there are no administrative norms, we should deal with it by negative provisions.