刑法适用中扩张解释的方法及其界限——兼论扩张解释与类推适用之区分

刑法适用过程系具体化法律和抽象化案件事实的过程,法官应对存有疑义之条款进行解释。扩张解释系刑法解释之结果,在对刑法条款进行扩张解释过程中,应明确所运用的各种解释方法及其所遵循的步骤。德、日的典型判例及我国实践都存在正确和误用扩张解释现象,应正确运用刑法解释方法,明确扩张解释的界限,准确区分扩张解释与类推适用。法官在个案中无法运用扩张解释时,立法机关应当通过及时修订法律的方式填补法律漏洞。

Limits and Ways of Making Expanding Interpretations in the Application of Criminal Law---Concurrently Discuss the Difference Between Expanding Interpretation and Analogical Application

The application of criminal law will produce the embodiment of law articles but abstraction of facts of cases , so the judge should explain any indefinite clauses .This generates the expanding interpretation which empha-sizes the specific ways of interpretation and the steps it follows .However , the typical cases in Germany , Japan and our country show that mistakes cannot be avoided in the application of expanding interpretation .Therefore, special attention should be paid to the limits and ways of making expanding interpretation and the difference between it and analogical application .If in a certain case , there is no possibility for the expanding interpretation , the legislature should fill the loopholes of the law through making the amendment timely .