土地所有权权利结构重构

在土地公有制基础之上建立土地市场法律制度,必然导致土地使用权与土地所有权的分离。我国经过20多年的土地有偿使用法律制度的实践,已经在事实上将土地使用权置于一个独立物权法律地位。以土地使用权为核心构建的中国土地法律制度,应当突破传统的土地所有权占有、使用、收益、处分的四项权能,并代之以土地的设定权、收入权、使用权、发展权和回归权。传统的土地所有权的四项权能,则相应地纳入新型权利结构的土地使用权之中。

Restructure of Land Ownership

While establishing the land market legal system based on public ownership, we are bound to separate land use with land ownership. In China, after 20 years of onerous use of land, usufruct has been admitted in fact as having a separate real right status in law. While establishing China’KG-*8s land law framework, centered on usufruct, we should break the traditional restraint upon four elements of land ownership: occupancy, use, benefit and disposition. Rather, creation right, profit, usufruct, development and recovery are the important considerations. The functions of the four elements of the traditional land ownership should be incorporated into the new structure of land use regime.