非法利用信息网络罪的适用疑难与教义学表述

生效案件已经暴露了非法利用信息网络罪的罪质不明、追诉标准阙如、司法竞合处置有失妥当、积极适用的司法导向淡薄等问题。基于“利用信息网络”的行为特质，应明确《刑法》第287条之一的网络独立预备犯之立法旨趣，是一般性罪名，起基础性的规制功能，取代《刑法》第287条发挥司法兜底之用。不宜限制解释“其他、等‘违法犯罪’（信息、活动）”，扩张解释更符合第287条之一法定的相对有限的一般性规制功能。“同时构成其他犯罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚”是限制刑罚处罚的提示性规定，本罪在实践中与关联犯罪的实质竞合概率应极低。应确认信息网络安全管理秩序的具体法益内容，固化其释法机能。应明确“情节严重”的具体追诉情形，注重通过案例指导制度提供持续性的司法供给。

Dogmatics Interpretations for the Judicial Application Difficulties of the Crime of Illegal Using the Network

Regarding the convicted cases of illegal use of information network, the following defects of the unclear nature of the crime, the lack of prosecution standards, the improper handling of judicial competition, and the weak orientation of judicial protection of network security have been exposed. The legislative purpose of Article 287-1 as a general offense can be regarded as the legislation mode of independent network crimes based on the behavior characteristics of the “use of information network”. Article 287-1 plays the role of basic regulatory function, and would replace the role of Article 287 .The limited interpretation of “the other illegal behavior and crimes or activities” is not fully correct, but expansive interpretation would facilitate the function of Article 287-1, which is relatively limited and general regulatory. The provision of “meanwhile with other crimes, refer to the provisions of the heavier punishment and conviction” is aimed to limit the application, while the probability of competing with other crimes is very low in practice. The management of network security order is the content of the rechtsgut of Article 287-1. It is necessary to activate its explanatory function. The clarification of the meaning of “serious circumstances” is primary, and the case guidance system should be adopted to enhance the judicial supply capacity.