论法律文本及其公布

法律文本是通过文字表达立法者意图的产物,是法治国家建立法治秩序的直接甚至惟一的依据。文本的基本要求是惟一性以及文字的清晰和严谨。在法律形成的过程中,对于法律文本中的错误,可以根据立法过程的不同阶段,以不同的方式进行修订、解释和修改。我国《宪法》和《立法法》对法律文本及其公布的规定比较简单,需要针对文本形成和公布的不同的阶段加以明确和完善。其内容包括:第一,在国家主席签署前,法律文本应当由立法机关自行撤回勘误处理或修改后按表决文本重新表决处理;第二,在国家主席签署以后,法律文本仅仅涉及一般性的文字的勘误由立法机关通过勘误程序进行修改,涉及对法条意思修改的则需要通过法律修改程序进行修改;第三,媒体公布必须要等权威机关签署公布后才能发布;第四,法律的标准文本公布后,还没有实施的,应当根据法律修改的程序进行。

On the Legal Text and Its Promulgation

Legal text is the product of expressing the intention of legislators through words,and the direct and only basis for a law-based country to establish the rule of law order.The basic requirement of the text is the uniqueness,and clarity and preciseness of wording.During the formation of a law,errors in legal text can be revised,interpreted,and modified in different ways according to different stages of the legislative process.The Constitution and Legislation Law of China only have simple provisions on the legal text and its promulgation,so it is necessary to make clarification and improvement on the text formation and promulgation in different stages,which include the following aspects:(1)Before the President signs the legal text,the legislature shall withdraw it on its own,make corrections or amend it,and then vote on the corrected or revised text again;(2)After the President signs the legal text,the legislature shall make correction through the error correction procedure if the error only involves ordinary wording effort,or make amendment through the legal amendment procedure if it involves the amendment of the meaning of a legal provision;(3)The media can only release the legal text after the authority promulgate it;(4)if the standard text of a law is promulgated,its amendment should be made according to the legal amendment procedure even if it has not become effective.