日本侵权行为法的三次转折

日本律令制的法体系中存在侵权行为法的最初形态,具有明确的赔偿意义。明治维新后,日本引入近代侵权行为法而发生历史上第一次转折;二战后的20世纪50—60年代,日本侵权法制发生第二次转折;20世纪90年代以来,面对侵权法危机和新保护法益的出现,侵权法法制正发生第三次转折,日本学者也以新自由主义权利论为基础,提出诸多理论对策,对策既是从现实角度对侵权行为制度目的和机能的根本性追问,又是开创日本侵权法新时代的大胆尝试。

Three Turns of the Japanese Tort Law

Japanese tort law initially existed in Ritsuryo-sei,with a clear sense of compensation.After the Meiji Restoration,modern torts laws were introduced into Japan and the first turn of tort law happened in Japanese history.During the 1950~1960s after the World War II,second turn of Japanese tort law happened.Since the 1990s,Faced with the crisis of tort law and the emergence of initially protected legal benefits,torts law is undergoing third turn.Japanese scholars have proposed many doctrines on the basis of neo-liberalism right theory.These doctrines are both fundamental questioning on the reality purpose and the function of torts law from the perspective of reality and also bold attempts to creating new era of Japanese tort law.