生物检材采集与保存套管的应用

目的探讨生物检材采集与保存套管在法医学中的应用价值。方法在不同温、湿度环境下，观察悬空放置在生物检材采集与保存套管、有孔与外界相通的套管及密闭管内的湿润棉签的干燥时间30次；分别用生物检材采集与保存套管和医用棉签采集纸袋保存口腔细胞、血液、皮肤脱落细胞样本各20例，磁珠法提取DNA并进行DNA定量；用生物检材采集与保存套管采集口腔脱落细胞和血样进行DNA直接扩增。结果在温度4～30℃、相对湿度21％～90％的环境下，湿润棉签在套管内的平均干燥时间为7．89h，有孔管内的为23．30h，密闭管内观察15天仍不干燥，出现霉斑。生物检材用套管采集保存比医用棉签采集纸袋保存方式获得的DNA量显著提高，平均高达0．968倍；用套管采集口腔细胞和血样进行直接扩增，操作简单方便，成功率高。结论生物检材采集与保存套管具有快速干燥、对检材无损耗和浓缩等优点，可提高检材DNA的提取效率，且适合直接扩增。

Application of biological sample casings of collection and preservation

Objective To investigate the application value of biological sample casings of collection and preservation（BSCCP） in forensic medicine. Methods The desiccation times of humid swabs preserved by hanging in the air in BSCCPs, apertured casings and airproof casings at different temperatures and humidi- ties were recorded. The oral cell, blood, and exfoliated skin epithelial cell samples were collected by swabs from BSCCPs and preserved in BSCCPs, or by medical swabs and preserved in traditional paper bags（20 for each group）, then the samples＇ DNA were extracted by the magnetic bead method and quantified by real- time PCR. The oral cell and blood samples collected and preserved by BSCCPs were directly amplified by PCR. Results Within the range of temperature 4 ～ 30℃and relative humidity 21% ～ 90%, the average dessicaton time of humid swabs was 7.89 hours when preserved in BSCCP, 23.30 hours in the apertured casings, and over 15 days （bacterial plaques appeared） in the airproof casings. Compared with the tradi- tional paper bag preservation, DNA yield of the BSCCP increased by 0. 968 times on average. The BSCCP method was simple, convenient and with high success rate, complete DNA amplifications of blood and oral cell samples could be directly achieved. Conclusion The advantages of BSCCP are rapid desiccation, loss- less and concentrated sample collection, improved DNA extracting efficiency and suitable for direct amplification.