不同死因大鼠死后不同时间红细胞溶血速度比较

目的观察不同死亡原因大鼠尸体血液中红细胞溶血速度的变化规律,为死亡原因的法医学推断提供新思路。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别以断髓、置于99%CO的空间、高坠、勒颈方式处死后,取各组大鼠右心室血液,于死后即刻（0h）、8h、16h、24h、32h、40h、48h、56h、64h、72h,采用显微镜数码图像法进行全血红细胞计数（CBC）,并对组内和组间数据进行统计学比较分析。结果 4组血液红细胞数量在死后即刻至72h期间,均随时间的延长因溶血而减少。其中0~16h,各组溶血速度无明显差异（P〉0.05）;16~48h,速度加快,溶血速度以CO中毒组（88.50±25.99）%最快,其次为高坠（69.33±29.52）%和断髓组（48.78±3.17）%,机械性窒息组（41.90±9.61）%最慢,组间比较具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;56h后,溶血速度再次减慢,至72h机械性窒息组仍有少量红细胞存在。结论 4组不同死因大鼠死后不同时间红细胞计数均减少,各组间差异具有统计学意义,其变化特征可为死亡原因的推断提供新的思路。

Study on comparison of erythrocyte hemolysis rate in different causes of death in rats

Objective To observe variation of hemolysis rate of red blood cells at different time after death under four causes, which may provide .a novel approach to the forensic identification of the causes of death. Methods Totally 40 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were sacrificed such as cervical dislocation, CO poisoning, high-fall injury and suffocating. Blood was taken from right ventricular immediately after death, then the red blood cells were counted at different time points（0h, 8h, 16h, 24h, 32h, 40h, 48h, 56h, 64h, 72h）. Red blood cell count was detected by digital image microscopic method. Data of all groups were analyzed and compared with each other. Results The number of red blood cells in four groups reduced gradually from Oh to 72h after death. There was no significant difference in erythrocyte hemolysis rate between each group from Oh to 16h （P 〉 0. 05 ）. The difference was significant from 16h to 48h （ P 〈 0.05 ）, in which CO poisoning group （ 88.50 ~ 25.99 ） % was the fastest, followed by high-fall injury （ 69.33 ~ 29.52 ） % and neck breaking （ 48.78 ~ 3.17 ） % groups, and mechanical asphyxia group（41.90 ~ 9.61 ）% was the slowest. The hemolysis rate of all groups decreased slowly after 56h, and there were a small amount of red blood cells still existed in mechanical asphyxia group until 72h. Conclusion Red blood cell count of 4 groups of different causes of death was declined at different time after death, with a statistically significant difference between each group, which may make some references for the identification of causes of death.