性别歧视的人口后果——基于公共政策视角的模拟分析

性别歧视导致的“失踪女孩”现象对中国人口发展产生了影响。从制度、文化、经济和政策4个方面分析了中国性别歧视的成因,并结合中国政府采取的有助于降低性别歧视的公共政策,提出了相应的政策体系。根据人口模拟模型,对建议的公共政策效果进行了模拟,定量分析了不同性别歧视程度对中国人口发展的影响。结果表明,性别歧视减少了人口总量和劳动适龄人口总数,加快了人口老化程度,加剧了婚姻市场的挤压。通过性别歧视下人口发展模拟的结果,为降低男孩偏好、消除性别歧视提供经验支持,为政府制定和执行相应的公共政策提供依据。

The Demographic Consequences of Gender Discrimination --Simulation Analysis Based on Public Policie

The phenomenon of "missing girls" caused by gender discrimination has great influence on China's population development. This paper analyses the causes of China's gender discrimination in terms of system, culture, economy and policy, and then puts forwards some advice on policy system according to the measures taken by Chinese government to reduce gender discrimination. According to a demographic simulation model, this paper simulates the effect of public policies and quantitatively analyzes the impacts of gender discrimination at different levels on Chinese population development. The study shows that gender discrimination reduces the size of population and the number of laborers, accelerates the speed of aging and exacerbates the marriage squeeze. Based on the results of simulation, it points out some advice on policy-making and policy-implementing to mitigate son-preference and eliminate gender discrimination.