从“太阳花学运”看台湾民主

台湾自视为民主化的“灯塔”，但“太阳花学运”暴露出台湾民主存在诸多问题，引发广泛争议。争议中的共识是台湾民主出了问题，但也存在分歧，即究竟该对近三十年来的台湾民主化持什么态度，肯定、否定，抑或其他？分歧的产生与民主质量理论运用到台湾民主研究有关，民主质量的概念特性导致不同学者对其内涵的理解有所不同。有将其理解为狭义的“民主”的质量，包括竞争性选举、政党轮替等；也有将其理解为中义的“民主政治”的质量，包括法治、宪政、分权、人权等其他政治范畴；还有将其理解为广义的“民主政体”的质量，包括政治绩效、经济绩效、社会绩效等政治、经济和社会范畴。通过民主质量理论可知，台湾基本实现了巩固的民主，但尚未实现优质的民主。

On Taiwan＇s Democracy from the ＂Sunflower Student Movement＂

Taiwan sees itself as the ＂Lighthouse＂ of democratization, but ＂sunflower student movement＂ exposed the existence of many problems in Taiwan＇ s democracy, which caused widespread debate about it. In the debate, the consensus is therein lies a problem for Taiwan＇s democracy, but the difference is the atti- tude to Taiwan＇s thirty year＇ s democratization, positive, negative, or other？ The reason for the difference is that the theory of the quality of democracy is applied to the study of Taiwan＇s democracy and the characteristics of the concept leads to different understanding about it by different scholars. Some people interpret it as ＂democratic＂ quality in a narrow definition, including competitive election, party rotation, etc; some people interpret it as ＂democratic politics＂ quality in a medium definition, including other political areas, such as rule of law, constitutionalism, decentralization, human rights, etc ; some people interpret it as ＂democracies＂ quality in a broad definition, including other political, economic and social areas, such as political perform- ance, economic performance and social performance. Through the study of the theory of the quality of democ- racy in Taiwan, we can conclude Taiwan has fundamentally achieved democratic consolidation, but the quality of democracy in Taiwan is not high.