论气候难民保护面临的国际法问题及其对策

全球变暖增加了酷热、飓风等极端天气出现的频率,而气候变化导致的海平面上升也将严重影响沿海地区居民的生活。大量由气候原因而迁移的人由此催生了一个新的名词——气候难民。但是,无论是国际立法还是各国国内立法,由于缺乏明确、清晰的定义,使得国际、国内层面对于气候难民的保护迟迟未能落实。因此,应当给予气候难民一个明晰的定义,国际社会应当通力合作改善气候难民的生存现状,赋予其充分的生命权、健康权、财产权、土地权等,并积极促进其与当地社区的融合与交流,通过建立国际气候难民救助基金来保障气候难民的权利。

Public International Law Issues of Climate Refugees and Solutions

Since global warming increases the frequency of extreme weather such as storms and hurricanes, people living in the coastal areas are threatened to lose their homes. They have to move to another place for the sake of their living. This phenomenon leads to a new word： climate refugee. However, neither international treatises nor domestic laws give a clear definition to＂climate refugee＂, which inevitably causes some barriers to protect this group. Therefore, first of all we need to give ＂climate refugee＂a clear definition. The global community shall strive to improve their rights such as right to life, health, property, etc. and their communication with the local residents. Moreover, an international climate refugee fund shall be established to guarantee their rights.