论施蛰存历史小说中的“现代”

在施蛰存探索文学现代写作的道路上,他的历史小说起到了承前启后的作用。文章以施蛰存晚年总结的三个“现代”创作特点,即欲望、幻想和怪诞为中心,分析其历史小说写作中对于“现代”的探索,指出施蛰存由早期创作中对于爱情的叙述转向现代心理分析中对欲望的叙述,进而较好尝试了基于欲望心理的幻想和怪诞叙述方式。同时,历史小说中也存在着现代心理分析对象性别上的不对称、历史题材的汲取和重构导致情节叙述以完全背离历史叙述价值为代价等不足。这些写作困境使施蛰存最终离开心理分析式的历史小说写作,在时代生活背景下融合古典审美要素进行文学的现代主义探索。

On Modernity in Shi Zhecun's Historical Novels

Shi Zhecun’s historical novels play an important role in connecting the past with the future on the road of exploring modern literary writing. This paper analyses Shi Zhecun’s exploration of “modernity” in his historical novel writing centered on his summing-up of three “modernity” characteristics in his later years, namely, eroticism, fantasy and grotesque. It points out that Shi Zhecun’s narration of love in his early works has changed to eroticism in modern psychoanalytic art and tried to use fantasy and grotesque narrative based on erotic psychology. There is also gender asymmetry in the object of modern psychoanalysis in historical novels. Absorption and reconstruction of historical themes lead to inadequacy in plot narration at the cost of deviating completely from the value of classical historical narration. Because of these difficulties, Shi Zhecun eventually left the creation of historical novels, in the context of modern life and classical aesthetics to explore the modern voice of literature.