中国人离体子宫测量与形态观察

对80例已知身源的离体子宫作10个项目的测量及大体形态观察,根据不同生理发育阶段(14～18岁为青春期,19～45岁为育龄期)和不同孕育情况分成5个组(Ⅰ组为青春期组,均无孕育史,Ⅱ组为育龄期无孕育史组;Ⅲ组为育龄期有正常生育史组;Ⅳ组为育龄期仅有人工流产史组;Ⅴ组为育龄期仅有剖腹产史组)进行比较分析,探讨不同生理发育阶段和不同孕育史的子宫形态差异。分析结果表明,Ⅰ组的重量、全长和体腔长度3项均数显著低于Ⅱ组;Ⅲ组的重量、体宽和宫口大小3项均数显著大于Ⅱ、Ⅳ两组;Ⅱ、Ⅳ两组各项均数差异不显著;Ⅴ组宫口大小的平均值与Ⅱ、Ⅳ组差异不显著,显著小于Ⅲ组。子宫大体形态观察的结果发现,子宫外口呈圆形的占2.5％,呈椭圆形的占13.75％,呈横形的占83.75％;子宫体有疤痕的仅见于Ⅴ组,而子宫颈有疤痕的在Ⅲ,Ⅳ、Ⅴ组中均见到;子宫颈糜烂现象在5个组中均有发现;Ⅲ、Ⅳ两组的部分标本子宫棕榈襞有损伤,其他3组未见损伤。

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY AND MEASUREMENT OF ISOLATED UTERUS FROM CHINESE FEMALES

Ten items of 80 isolated uteri from known cadavers were measured and the morphological characteristics were studied.Samples were divided into five groups according to the physiological stages and the prognant and childbearing history (group Ⅰ:adolescence without gestation history;group Ⅱ:childbearing period without gestation history;group Ⅲ:childbearing period with normal delivery history;group Ⅳ: childbearing period with induced abortion history;group Ⅴ:childbearing period with caesarean section history) in order to study the morphological difference of uterus.The statistical analysis indicated that the mean values of the uterus weight and length as well as the length of the cavum corporis uterus in group Ⅰ were less than those in group Ⅱ.The mean values of the uterus weight,the width of the uterus bodies and of the ostium uterus in group Ⅲ were greater than those in group Ⅱ,Ⅳ.The difference of the mean values of all items mentioned above between group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ was not significant. The mean values of the width of ostium uterus in group Ⅴ were not different from those in group Ⅱ, Ⅳ,bat were less than those in group Ⅲ.The morphological study showed that 2.5% ostium uterus were round 13.75%—elliptical and 83.75%—flat.The uterus bodies with scars were found only in group Ⅴ. The cervix uterus with scars were found in group Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ.The cervical erosions were found in all five groups.Injuries of plicae palmataes were found only in some specimens in group Ⅲ、Ⅳ