日本诉因制度与我国公诉方式改革

诉因制度是日本刑事诉讼法借鉴大陆法系职权主义诉讼程序和英美法系对抗主义诉讼程序的一项独创。在刑事诉讼中,诉因制度有利于调整诉辩审三者之间的关系,保持公诉机关起诉的稳定性,防止司法权的滥用以及维护辩护方的合法权益,因而是值得我国在刑事司法改革的理论与实践中予以关注的。然而,对于诉因制度的具体内容,特别是诉因制度的涵义、运行规则和借鉴意义,我国学界的探讨并不多见,且远未形成一致而清晰的看法。诉因制度对我国刑事司法改革,特别是公诉方式改革具有借鉴意义。

The Cause of Action in Japan and the Reform of Public Charge Modes in China

In Japan, cause of action is a creative invention originated from the litigious procedure of ex officio doctrine in continental legal system and the litigious procedure of antagonistic doctrine in common legal system, which can help to smooth the relations among the charge, the judge and the defendant in criminal lawsuit, to maintain the stability of the public charge, to prevent the abuse of legal power, and to protect the legal rights of defendant. Therefore, such a system deserves our close attention theoretically and practically in the process of criminal justice reform. However, the concrete contents of this system, in particular its meaning, operation rules and significance for reference, haven't aroused full attention of our academic circle and formed unanimous opinion. This system can be referenced to make better the criminal procedure of China, and overcome the shortcomings of the method of Chinese public charge.