“一带一路”视角下的工会问题研究

"一带一路"倡仪实施以来,如何与当地工会合作是中资企业在"一带一路"沿线国家投资和经营管理中,在劳动关系方面必须面临的重要问题之一。"一带一路"沿线国家工会特点明显,差异很大。中东欧国家工会组织率高,集体谈判覆盖率也高;东南亚国家工会组织率相对较低,但组织力量很强。工会与其他非政府组织的各自力量、相互关系也不尽相同,中东欧地区工会组织强大,雇主联合会也强大;西亚北非地区工会组织力量弱,但有其他非政府组织代行部分工会职能。因此,应该从遵守工会相关法律制度,提升对构建和谐劳动关系重要性的认识,找到与东道国工会恰当的合作模式,避免简单移植等方面出发,提高中资企业与当地工会合作的能力。

Research on Trade Union Issues from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative

Since the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, an important problem that Chinese enterprises have to face in labor relations is how to well cooperate with local trade unions in countries along the Belt and Road route. Trade unions in the above countries have distinct characteristics and much differences as well. The Central and Eastern European countries have a high rate of trade unions organizations and collective bargaining coverage, while the organization rate of trade unions in Southeast Asian countries is relatively low, but their strength of organization is very strong. Moreover, trade unions and other non-governmental organizations have different strengths and relationships. Trade unions organizations in Central and Eastern Europe are strong and employers’ associations are strong as well. In contrast, trade unions organizations in West Asia and North Africa are weak, however, the non-governmental organizations in these countries perform some functions of the trade unions. Therefore, we should improve the cooperation capability between Chinese-funded enterprises and trade unions in the above countries in the following aspects: to abide by the relevant legal systems of trade unions, to enhance the understanding of the importance of building harmonious labor relations, to find the appropriate cooperation mode with the trade unions in the host countries, and to avoid simple transplantation, etc.