《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》中公正审判权的保留问题探析

《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》的执行机构人权事务委员会从提出保留的限制条件、保留是否有效的判断机关以及无效保留的法律后果等三个方面对公约的保留问题表明了自己的态度。为了不至于违反公约规定的国际义务，在批准公约时，有些国家根据自己的情况对公正审判权提出了保留。考虑到我国的实际情况，我国在批准公约时，应当对公正审判权的适用范围和得益于较轻刑罚的权利提出保留。

On Reservations to the Fair Trial Rights in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

The Human Rights Committee, an implementing agency of ＂The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights＂, expressed its own attitude towards reservations to the Covenant on the following aspects ： the constraints on reservations, the organ to determine the validity of reservations, and the legal consequence of invalid reservations. In order not to violate their international obligations under the Covenant, some countries made reservations on fair trial rights according to their own situation when ratifying the Covenant. Taking into account of the actual situation of our country, our country should make reservations on the scope of applying fair trial rights and the right to benefit from a lighter penalty when ratifying the Covenant.