建立巡视制度的合理性及其启示

党内巡视制度的产生是监督制度改革的一大成果，对反腐败工作发挥了重要作用。廉政制度创新是非常艰难的，巡视制度的产生及存在有其必然的合理性，即巡视制度具有明显的制度惯性，巡视制度与非正式制度相一致。政府的首位工作、政府的有限理性和制度环境要求建立巡视制度。从党内监督制度的改革和巡视制度的产生，可以得出五点启示：一个国家已有的历史积累构成了这个国家反腐败体制选择的基础；任何优秀的反腐败体制都是相对的；由于“制度惯性”，反腐败体制的移植是相当困难的；廉政制度变迁是从某一边际开始的一个社会博弈过程；要充分发挥巡视制度的作用是有条件的。

Study on the Rationality of Establishing Inspection System and Its Enlightenment

The appearance of Party inspection system shows the fruit of supervision system reform and has played an important role in various fields. It’s difficult to innovate anti-corruption system, and thus inevitably reasonable for the birth and existence of inspecting system. The inspection system is consistent with the informal system. The government’s primary work, bounded rationality and system environment require the establishment of the inspection system. Based on the reform of the inner-party supervision and the appearance of inspection system, five points of enlightenment can be drawn. First, the historical accumulation in a country constitutes a selective basis of anti-corruption system. Second, any good anti-corruption system is relative. Third, anti-corruption system is quite difficult to transplant because of "institutional inertia". Fourth, the system changes are a social game process from a certain margin. Fifth, it’s conditional to give full play of the inspection system.