试论国际法之不成体系问题——兼及国际法规则的冲突与协调

国际法领域的扩展使不同国际法规则之间的冲突大大增加,国际法发展呈现不成体系的特征。演进中的国际法并非一个统一的体系,现代国际法表现为国际共存法和国际合作法并存,并在发展趋向上向价值定向发展。国际法随着范围的扩展形成大量次级体系,不同的次级体系多能“自成体系”并“专题自主”的特征,导致规则的冲突增加,造成在适用国际法规则上的困难。究其原因,一方面由于国际法自身的固有特征,另一方面则是国际法领域的扩展等新趋势导致的。国际法要研究如何防止并协调国际法规则矛盾与冲突,但是很难使之成为一个真正统一的体系,另一方面国际法的不成体系的特性却使国际法充满了张力。

Dispersal of international Law: Conflict and Coordination of Rules of International Law

The expansion of international law results in an enormous increase of conflicts of its rules,which betrays its dispersal.Evolving international law is by no means a unified system.It is composed of international coexisting law and international cooperation law and is proved in a value-directed trend.Along with the extension of international law,there appear lots of subsystems that are characterized by "self-sufficiency" and "autonomy in specific topics." Thus,people find the increase of the conflicts of rules of international law and difficulties in applying the rules.The main reason lies in the inherent appearances of international law and its new development tendencies.What we have to do is to know how to prevent the conflict of rules in international law and to try hard to coordinate the contradictory rules.However,it is difficult for us to have a unified system of international law,and the fragmentation of laws makes international law a system full of tension and vitality.