The application of anodic stripping voltammetry to forensic science I. The construction of a low-cost polarograph |
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| Authors: | Juei H. Liu Wen-Fa Lin Lothar Taylor |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Criminal Justice, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Chicago, Illinois U.S.A.;Department of Information Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Chicago, Illinois U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | Intended for forensic gunshot residue analyses and other applications, a low-cost (about $250.00) polarograph was constructed. This instrument is essentially' an operational amplifier version of a three-electrode potentiostat containing a voltage ramp generator, a scan amplifier, an amplifier and a current-to-voltage converter, two voltage followers and an electrolysis cell. An anodic stripping procedure was developed for the simultaneous determination of a zinc, cadmium, lead, antimony and copper mixture, and used for testing the instrument. Effects of pre-electrolysis time, concentration changes, presence of other species and overlapping were also studied. |
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