国家间公共政策的转移——概念、研究态势和理论

公共政策的制定者在决策过程中往往通过某种方式来参考其它国家的决策者在相似情况下的做法,包括正面经验和负面教训。这种政策转移(Policy Transfer)现象是公共政策制定和制度创新在现实中的一种主要途径和方式。论述分三个部分:首先,简述了政策转移的概念化过程,辨别了和其它相近概念的异同;其次,勾勒了本课题研究的多学科、多方法和多层次的态势,列举和介绍了一些代表性的研究实例;最后,探讨了相关的理论生成的问题。通过对有关政策转移问题研究的回顾、分析和总结,强调了我国政策转移中大量转移实践和理论研究缺失之间的矛盾现象;提出了开展我国政策转移研究的必要性和关注点;旨在引起我国公共政策的制定者和学者对这一课题的重视,为公共政策有关的决策实践和理论研究提供一个观察、分析和决策的角度。

Policy Transfer among Nations: Conceptualization, Research Trends and Theory Building

Public policy-makers often turn to their counterparts in other countries for positive experience or negative lessons from their decision-making under similar circumstances. This practice is commonly known as policy transfer. As a matter of fact,policy transfer is a major channel in public policy-making and institutional innovation. This review article tries to describe,summarize and analyze the status quo of the research topic in the West. It proceeds as follows: in the first section, it describes the conceptualization process of policy transfer by distinguishing it from other similar concepts;in the second section, it summarizes the general trends of the research topic, pointing out its multi-disciplinary, multi-methodological and multi-level characters;in the third section,it analyzes the issue of theory building in the research topic. This article aims to arouse attention to the topic on the part of policy-makers and academics alike of our country and to provide them with a useful analytical lens through which both practice and research of public policies can be better observed,analyzed and improved.