弥漫性轴索损伤的扫描电镜观察

弥漫性轴索损伤是一种具有独特的临床、病理学特征的脑损伤，是重型脑损伤的主要死因之一，作者对６例脑外伤ＳＥＭ研究发现：大脑皮质挫伤远区可见神经细胞树实折断，轴索排列紊乱、断裂、粗细不等，有的断端球形扩大（ｒｅｔｒａｃｔｂａｌｌ）。髓鞘变性、表面粗糙、呈筛孔状，有的坏死脱落至轴索裸露，有的可见星形细胞附着在毛细血管壁的足板有断裂，毛细血管淤血、弯曲、破裂出血、出血区可见纤维蛋白网络红细胞。ＳＥＭ下上述病变观察清楚，立体感强，不失为一种先进的研究手段，脑外伤ＤＡＩ的研究中尚未见报告。

The constructive changes of diffuse axonal injury are observed by scan electronic microscopy

Authors reported diffuse axonal injury in the 6 cases with head injury through the scan electronic microscopy. The rupture of dendrons and disarrangment, irregularity or rupture of axons are apparent in all cases remoted from the focal cortical lesions. The degeneration, necrosis of myelins and exposure, even retract ball of axons are seen in 3 cases. Other changes including separation of pedicle in astrocytes from the wall of capillaries and twist, rupture or hemorrhage of capillaries as well as red blood cells in the net of fibers are found in all cases.