阶层区分与犯罪论体系的建构

作为一种价值判断体系,犯罪论需要考虑分层判断问题。但是,传统的"四要件说"犯罪论没有阶层和过程判断;即便对犯罪构成的四个要件进行重新排序,也不具有阶层的区分。"四要件说"之所以没有阶层,其宏观层面在于贯彻了主客观相统一原则和社会危害性原则,其具体制度设计层面在于仅仅重视入罪机制,忽视建构出罪机制。缺乏阶层区分的"四要件说"只是犯罪论的初级阶段,存在诸多弊端。摒弃以客观要件与主观要件为支柱的"四要件说",建构以违法与责任为支柱的阶层犯罪论,是犯罪论发展的必然趋势。

Classification of Hierachy and the Building of Crime Theory System

As a kind of system of value judgment,crime theory needs to be judged according to the classification of hierarchy.There is no classification of hierarchy in the traditional theory of four elements.Even if the four elements can be reorganized there is still no classification of hierarchy.There are many reasons why there is no classification of hierarchy.The principle of combining the subject and the object and the principle of social harmfulness are macro reasons.Valuing the mechanism of criminalization more than the mechanism of decriminalization is another reason in the designing of mechanisms.The theory of four elements is just the primary stage of crime theory which has many defects.It is the inexorable trend to discard the theory of four elements and establish a new crime theory of hierarchy.