非政府组织的政府化及对组织绩效的影响

在我国"强政府、弱社会"的状况下,非政府组织都或多或少地带有政府的特征,这种现象可称为非政府组织的政府化。通过对哈尔滨市的社团组织进行的随机抽样调查表明,社团组织的政府化程度较强且组织绩效普遍低下。对社团组织的政府化程度和组织绩效分别进行因子分析,析出了政府化程度的政府参与因子、基本要素的政府支持因子、经费支持与政府依赖因子,组织绩效的凝聚力因子、计划与执行力因子和组织活力因子。分析表明,政府化程度与组织绩效的各因子之间存在着复杂的关系:政府的参与有助于提高组织的计划与执行能力却消减了组织活力;政府对社团组织基本要素的支持有利于提高组织的凝聚力和活力;政府对社团组织的经费支持和由此导致的对政府的依赖能够提高组织的计划与执行能力,但却降低了组织活力。聚类分析的结果表明:城市社团中存在着管理型、职能型、自立型和名义型四种类型的社团。

The Influence of the Governmentalization of Non-Governmental Organizations on Organizational Performances

Under the condition of a strong government and a weak society as in China, non-governmental organizations carry certain features of governmental organizations, which phenomenon is defined as the Governmentalization of Non-Governmental Organizations in this paper. An investigation of random samples on non-governmental organizations in Harbin indicates that the degree of the governmentalization of Harbin non-governmental organizations is high while the organizational performance is low. A factor analysis of governmentalization degree and organizational performance has discovered such governmentalization factors as the Governmental Interference Factor, Elementary Governmental Support Factor, and Financial Support and Government Dependence Factor, and Organizational Performance factors including Agglomerating Factor, Planning and Executing Factor, and Organization Vigor Factor. A detailed analysis shows that there is a complicated relationship between governmentalization factors and organizational performance factors, that government interference strengthens planning and execution of organizations while weakening their vigor, that elementary government support enhances agglomeration and vigor of organizations, and that financial support from the government to organizations and their dependence on it can enforce planning and execution of organizations but reduce their vigor. The result of a clustering analysis shows that there are four types of non-governmental organizations in cities: administrative, functional, independent and nominal.