美国国会涉台立法的新进展及其影响——基于第111—115届国会涉台法案的分析

第111-115届国会期间(2009—2018),美国国会涉台立法进入了一个新阶段,其提出涉台法案的核心诉求与上一个十年相比,立法意图更加具有指向性——服务于美国对华战略,分别紧随奥巴马政府的“亚太再平衡战略”和特朗普政府的“印太战略”两大主题。美国国会在相关法案中核心诉求主要包括:强化与台湾的“军事关系”、促进提升美台关系实质、协助台湾争取“国际生存空间”。美国国会涉台立法产生了多方面的破坏性影响,一方面,对美国政府的涉台政策施加了“刚性”约束力,严重损害了中国的核心利益,增加了中国政府解决台湾问题的难度;另一方面,这些涉台法案助长了“台独”分裂活动,破坏了中美新型大国关系的构建。

New Progress and Impact of Taiwan-related Legislation in the U.S.Congress--Based on the Analysis of Taiwan-related Bills of the 111th-115th Congress

During the 111th-115th Congress(2009-2018),the US Congress’s Taiwan-related legislation entered a new stage,and its core appeals related to the Taiwan-related bill were more direct in comparison with the previous decade.Serving the US strategy toward China,followed by the Obama administration’s“Asia-Pacific rebalancing”strategy and the Trump administration’s“Indo-Pacific strategy”.The core demands of the US Congress in the relevant bills include:strengthening“military relations”with Taiwan,promoting the relationship between the United States and Taiwan,and assisting Taiwan in striving for“international living space.”The US Congress’s Taiwan-related legislation has produced devastating effects on many aspects.On the one hand,it exerts a“rigid”binding force on the US government’s Taiwan-related policies,seriously undermining China’s core interests and increasing the difficulty for the Chinese government to resolve the Taiwan Question;On the other hand,these Taiwan-related laws have contributed to the“Taiwan independence”separatist activities and undermined the construction of Sino-US new power relations.