自然人具体人格权的法律探讨

民法理论对于支配权、请求权的划分 ,主要是针对物权与债权 ,而“支配”并非人格权的主要权能和基本特性 ,且生命权、身体权以及健康权的主要目的仅在于抵御他人的不法伤害 ,故其不属于支配权。而名称权、肖像权中的确存在某些支配性质的权能 ,表现为自然人对其名称、肖像在一定范围内的使用和利用。隐私权所保护的个人私生活秘密的范围和强度 ,要受公共利益、公众知情权以及社会观念的制约。

Legal Discussion on the Concrete Personal Right of Natural Person

Civil law theory to the division of controlling right and right of claim is mainly aimed at the real right and obligatory right. But controlling is not the main powers and functions and basic characteristics of personal right, and, furthermore the main aim of right of life, right of body and right of health only lie in illegal injure of other persons, so it is not belong to the personal right. But some powers and functions of controlling character are really among the right of name and right of portrait, and shows that natural person uses and utilizes its name or portrait in certain scope. The range and degree of personal life secret protected by the right to privacy is restricted by public benefit, knowing right of the public and social idea.