定案方法的逻辑基础

裁判者运用证据认定案情时会采用多种方法,其中事实推理与事实推定是最为重要的两种,而这两种方法的运用,从根本上讲都离不开逻辑学的方法论指导.事实推理主要运用演绎推理、归纳推理、模糊推理与概率推理等逻辑推理方法;而事实推定的逻辑依据在于基础事实与推定事实之间存在着近似于充分条件逻辑关系的常态联系.事实推定属于或然性推理的范畴.

Logic Foundation of Verdict Methods

Lots of methods must be adopted when the judge decide the cases with conclusive evidence.In these methods,matter-of-fact reasoning and matter-of-fact inference are the most important ones,while the applying of the two methods rely on logic methodology guidance.Matter-of-fact reasoning use mainly the logic reasoning,such as inductive reasoning,deductive reasoning,fuzzy reasoning and probability reasoning,while the normal relation between the base fact and inference fact has to be treated as the logic foundation of the matter-of-fact inference.Matter-of-fact inference belongs to probability reasoning.