按揭住房保险之特约的法律涵义

在住房按揭中,购房者依银行要求对已抵押的房屋进行保险,并特别约定银行为第一受益人,保单交银行执管。对于该保险特约的法律涵义,应理解为一种设定债权质押的行为,贷款银行执管保单具有一定的债权质转移占有之意义;保险金请求权具有可质性,该债权质押合同随着保险合同的成立而成立,但其生效是在将来发生保险事故、保险金请求权产生之时。虽然质押设立时,保险单所表示的保险金请求权属于一种将来或有的债权,但当保险事故发生,保险单上的债权就成为一种现实的确定的利益,能发挥担保主债权的功能;而该债权质押与抵押权的物上代位并不互相抵触;但银行的法律身份应是被保险人,而非受益人。

On the legal meaning of special stipulation about the mortgage of the housing insurance

In the mortgage of the house,the house purchaser is required to carry on the insurance to the house that is already mort-gaged by the bank,and especially agrees on the bank the prime beneficiary.For the special legal meaning of this insurance stipula-tion,it should be interpreted as the behavior that a kind of settlement creditor's rights will be hypothecated for insuring.The author defines the meaning of the special stipulation and argues that the bank shoudl be the insured,not the beneficiarg on the bais of the analysis.