未批准的出资额转让协议民事责任性质——以中外合资经营企业为例

我国已往的司法解释规定,出资额转让协议未经批准时的责任为缔约过失责任。基于缔约过失责任赔偿原则、赔偿方式的单一性以及赔偿范围的局限性,其根本无法有效地维护诚信当事人的利益。最高人民法院新近颁布的《关于审理外商投资企业纠纷案件若干问题的规定（一）》根据当事人是否履行报批义务规定了不同的责任方式。但受制于解释权限,该规定很难说是最为科学的制度设计。从实现审批目的的意图出发,结合公司法的私法特性和出资额的财产属性,未经批准仅仅导致出资额权属不发生变动,并不影响协议的效力。有过错的一方应承担违约责任。

On Nature of the Civil Liability for the Agreement on Transfer of Capital Contribution without Approval——Study on Sino-foreign Joint Ventures

Based on previous judicial interpretations, when the agreement on transfer of capital contribution fails to be approved, the parties should be liable for culpa in contrahendo. Due to imperfection of culpa in contrahendo, interests of parties with good faith cannot be effectively protected with this only available remedy and limited scope of compensation. According to the Provisions (I) on Issus pertinent to Trials on Disputes over Foreign-invested Enterprises promulgated currently by the Supreme People's Co...