"名录"制度与非物质文化遗产保护

建立非物质文化遗产代表作名录体系是非物质文化遗产保护的重要制度与措施之一。目前,我国已正式公布了第一批国家级非物质文化遗产代表作名录,各省、市、县级非物质文化遗产代表作名录体系也正在建立之中。然而,"非物质文化遗产代表作名录"制度仅是一种自上而下的制度安排,尚未成为社会各群体普遍的制度要求。在实践中,"名录"背后隐藏着巨大的经济利益,"申遗"甚至变成了地方政府的"寻租"行为。这种经济理性只有转变为文化自觉,名录制度才能真正成为非物质文化遗产保护的有效制度。

"List"and the Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

Establishing the representative list system of the intangible cultural heritage is one of the important systems and measures of the intangible cultural heritage protection.Today,China has formally announced the first batch of the preventive list of state-level intangible cultural heritage.The provincial,municipal and county level intangible cultural heritage list systems are also under development.However,the " intangible cultural heritage list" system is only a top-down system arrangement;it hasn' t yet became a universal system requirement of the social groups.In practice,there are huge economic interests hidden behind the "list"." Applying for the intangible cultural heritage "even becomes a" rent-seeking "behavior of the local governments.Such economical rationality only changes to the cultural consciousness,could the list system truly become an effective system to the protection of the non-material cultural heritage.