效果规则在美国网络案件管辖权领域的适用

Zippo案所确立的滑动标准在美国网络管辖权实践中得到了广泛依循 ,然许多判例表明 ,美国法院在确定是否应对涉网案件行使管辖权时 ,有偏离滑动标准而采用更为宽泛的以行为后果为基础的效果标准的可能。依此标准 ,法院在确定应否行使管辖权时 ,不再将其注意力集中在对所涉网站自身的特性及其潜在影响的考察上 ,而是集中在所涉网站在管辖区内所产生实际后果的分析上。具体到实践中 ,不同法院在不同类型的案件中对效果规则的适用则有所不同

The Application of Effects Test in Jurisdiction Field in the Network Related Cases in USA

Despite the widespread acceptance of the Zippo doctrine of sliding scale, numerous judgments reflects hat the courts in the US moved toward a broader, effects-based approached when deciding whether or not to assert jurisdiction in the Internet context. Under this new approach, rather than examining the specific characteristics of website and its potential impact, the courts focused on their analysis on the actual effects that the website had in the jurisdiction. Application of effects test in cyberspace depending upon the type of action, and the courts of different jurisdiction have different practice.