"清官政治诉求"的学理分析

关于"清官政治诉求"的核心,目前学界并无定论.大致有两种意见,一种认为是"忠君",一种认为是"逆君"."忠君说"认为"清官政治诉求"虽然是一个"孝亲一忠君一爱民"三位一体的结构,但其核心仍然是"忠君";"逆君说"则认为"清官政治诉求"的核心是在君之上安置一个"理",这个"理"是逆君的,而不是顺君的.牺牲一切现实利益,以致以牺牲生命来捍卫此"理",捍卫此"道统",正是"清官"的本义所在,正是"清官政治诉求"之根本落脚点.在此意义上说,"清官"在中国政治"天-君-民"的三极循环中,正是"天"一极的代表与象征.本文认同"逆君说",并扼要分析了"清官政治诉求"在中国长盛不衰的原因及其现实基础与精神价值.

Analysis on "the Political Aspiration of Honest and Upright Officials"

There are two opposite theories about the core of the political aspiration of honest and upright officials.One is called the theory of loyalty to the throne,that is,the core of the political aspiration of honest and upright officials is the loyalty to the throne although this is a tri-unity structure of filial piety,loyalty to the throne and love for the people.The other is called the theory of disloyalty to the throne,that is,the core of the political aspiration of honest and upright officials is "Li"(feudal ethics as propounded by the Song Confucianists) above the throne,which is disloyal to the throne.It is essential for honest and upright officials to safeguard "Li" and Confucian orthodoxy at sacrifices of all realistic interests,even their lives.In this sense,honest and upright officials are a representative and symbol of Heaven in the Chinese political circle of Heaven-Throne-People.This paper believes the theory of disloyalty to the throne and analyzes briefly the reason why the political aspiration of honest and upright officials kept a dominant position,and the realistic foundation and the spiritual value of the political aspiration of honest and upright officials.