公共治理的“自行车难题”——政府规制中的信息、风险与价格要素分析

盗窃自行车是各地一种非常普遍的现象,各地管理机构也采取了各种不同措施来整治这一不良现象,但是效果都不明显。这一管理困难可以被概括为公共治理中的“自行车难题”。自行车难题表现为自行车偷盗行为已经形成一个“自行车生态怪圈”,偷盗行为依赖这一怪圈得以保护、规避和延续,导致对这一问题治理的困难。如果对这一问题进行深入分析,可以发现,影响这一难题治理效果的要素主要表现在:信息、风险和价格。在一般的政府规制行为中,这三大要素也同样影响着公共治理的绩效。使信息对规制方有利、扩大反规制行为的风险和缩小反规制行为的市场交易空间是有效规制的三个条件。

The Bicycle Dilemma of Public Administration——the Information, Venture, and Price in the Government Regulation

At present, stealing bicycles is a common phenomenon and local institutions have taken various measures to prevent its happening, which, however, have no obvious effect on it. This is called the "bicycle dilemma", for the "bicycle ecological circle" keeps the circle off the regulation. Further researching the problem shows that there were three factors-information, venture and price, which have great influence not only on the regulation performance but on the results of public governance as well. In order to realize effective regulation, there are three conditions to realize, including making regulation results beneficial to the regulators, maximizing the venture of anti-regulation action and minimizing the space for market exchange of anti-regulation action.