诉的变更之基本架构及对现行法的改造

在民事诉讼上,诉的变更决定着当事人诉讼行为的效力范围与诉讼整体发展方向。在有些情形下,诉的变更甚至将会导致诉讼标的的变更,以至于从总体上动摇裁判的基础。可见,对于诉的变更的确定,会对诉讼程序乃至当事人的实体权利带来重大影响,因此,在立法上,对诉的变更所涉及的范畴应当予以适当规范。如果界定得过于宽泛,将不利于保障诉讼程序的安定性与效益性;如果界定得过于狭窄,也不利于保障当事人充分地行使诉权,有违设置民事诉讼这种公力救济途径的旨意。在对我国现行民事诉讼法进行修订时,应当将诉的变更界定为诉的声明的变更与请求原因事实的变更。

The Fundamental Framework of the Alteration of a Claim and the Related Amendment of Present Law

In civil litigation, the alteration of a claim decides the effective limitations of participants'ac -tion and directs the tendency of a litigation. In some cases, the related alteration may even result in the change of the object of action, shaking the basis of an judgment. Thus, the certainty of the alteration of a claim will bring up essential influences over proceedings as well as participants'substantive rights. We should demarcation the limitations of the alteration of a claim properly in legislation. If it is too enlarged, it will be unfit to guarantee the safety and efficiency of the proceedings, whereas if it is too narrowed, it will be unfit to guarantee participants to enjoy their litigious rights. When amending present Civil Proc- edure Law, we should prescribe that the alteration of a claim includes the alteration of parties'state- ments and the causal facts of petition.