经济学的千年论战--论国家主义和自由主义

从古到今世界各国都有两种经济观和两种经济方略:一是主张国家干预经济,是为国家主义;二是主张国家不干预经济,是为自由主义。两种经济方略各有千秋,适用于不同条件。千百年来一直存在国家主义与自由主义的争论。18至19世纪的200年间,自由主义占上风。19世纪末,德国开国家主义之先河。20世纪20至60年代,国家主义盛行了50年;从70年代开始,自由主义东山再起,号称新自由主义。进入21世纪,新自由主义连遭挫折,国家主义有所抬头。两种经济观趋同,百年争论暂告一段落。

Debate in Millennium of Economics—On Nationalism and Liberalism

Since ancient times, there exist two viewpoints of economy and two economic strategies in the world. One is that country intervenes economy, i. e. nationalism; the other is that country should not, i. e. liberalism. The two strategies have their own strong points and can be applied in different situations. For thousands of years, arguments have been on about nationalism or liberalism. For two hundred years from 18th to 19th century, liberalism had got the run on. At the end of the 19th century, Germany makes the beginning of the national doctrine. From 1920s to 1960s nationalism had prevailed for fifty years. Since 1970s, liberalism bobbed up like a cork, named new liberalism. In the 21st century, new liberalism has been frustrated constantly and nationalism appears from time to time. Two kinds of economic views are convergent. Disputes come to an end for the moment.