草鱼胆汁提取物急性中毒的实验病理

研究草鱼胆汁提取物（鲤醇硫酸酯钠）对小鼠毒性作用的病理变化及其作用机制。按1．5LD50、1．0LD50和0．5LD50的剂量给昆明小鼠1次腹腔注射1％鲤醇硫酸酯钠溶液和按0．5LD50的剂量给昆明小鼠多次腹腔注射1％的鲤醇硫酸酯钠溶液，观察中毒小鼠各主要脏器的病理变化。中毒小鼠主要脏器的病理变化与草鱼胆汁中毒十分相似：心肌细胞水肿，严重者可见灶性肌溶解坏死；肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死，肾小球滤过膜各层均有不同程度的病变。通过酶组织化学方法发现鲤醇硫酸酯钠对心肌SDH及CCO有明显的抑制作用。鲤醇硫酸酯钠是草鱼胆汁的主要毒性成分之一。

Experimental pathological study of acute intoxication by a toxic extract from the grass carp bile

For the purpose of studying the pathological changes and mechanism of in-toxication of a toxic extract from the grass carp bile (sodium cyprinol sulphate, SCS) inmice. Forty mice (a) were divided randomly into four groups. Ten mice each group, fivemales and five females. Three experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with 1 %SCS solution of 1. 5LD50 、1. 0LD50 and O. 5l,D50, respectively. A control group was giventhe same volume of normal saline as l. OLD50 group. Another twenty mice (b) were dividedinto experimental and control groups, ten mice each group. The experimenta1 group weregiven intraperitoneally with 1 % SCS solution per two days at the dosage of 0 . 5LD50. Themice of the control group were given same volume of physiological saline. All anima1s werepathologically examined with LM and some of them were examined with SEM when themice died during the experiment or the survival mice were sacrificed after ten days. In ex-periment (a), the mortality were 80% 、60% and 30% in three experimental groups. In(b), the mortality was 70% in the experimental group. The pathologica1 changes showedhydropic degenerati0n and multiple myolysis of the cardiac muscles; degeneration and necro-sis of the epithelia of proximal and disatltubules; irregular fusion of foot processes ofglomeruli of kidneys. There was a slight difference in the pathology between (a) and (b).The most serious damages were observed in hearts in (a) and in kidneys in (b). Enzymehistochemical staining showed the decreasing activity of SDH and CCO in the myocardial cellsin the experimental groups in (a). The experiment suggests that the main toxic fraction ofgrass carp bile is SCS and the target organs were heart and kindey.