少年司法国家责任论纲

由于国家责任的缺失，限制了我国少年司法制度的宏观规划、整体布局与协同进步，以致法律体系不完善、地域差别较大、部门协作壁垒等问题一直存在。国家责任更具“宣誓”意义和政策指引价值，其与政府责任、司法机关责任存在主体不同、责任内容不同、责任实现方式不同等区别。从国家责任角度出发，应加速制定“儿童福利法”，完善儿童福利制度，理顺刑事诉讼法内部规则，细化收容教养制度，协调刑法、刑事诉讼法与其他部门法的衔接；少年司法所需经费可实行国家财政统一拨付，国家应统筹发展少年司法模式，并大力发展中西部少年司法社工组织及少年司法社工；明确司法机关、政府相关部门的责任分配，强化家庭、学校作用的发挥，积极推动公安、司法机关、政府部门与少年司法社工组织的协同发展。

The Outline of National Responsibility in Juvenile Justice

Due to the absence of “National Responsibility”, the macro planning, overall layout and collaborative progress of Chinas juvenile justice system have been limited, resulting in incomplete legal system, large regional differences, cooperation barriers between departments and other problems. National responsibility advocates decisive determination and value of policy guidance. It differs from government responsibility and judicial organs responsibility in the aspects of subject, content and way of realization. From the perspective of national responsibility, we should speed up the progress of establishment of the Law on Child Welfare, perfect the system of child welfare, straighten out the internal rules of the criminal Procedure Law, refine the system of detention education, and coordinate the connection between the criminal law and the criminal Procedure Law and other departments. The funds needed for juvenile justice can be uniformly allocated by the state financial department. The state should coordinately develop the juvenile justice mode and vigorously develop juvenile justice social work organizations and social workers in the mid-western regions. It is necessary to clarify the responsibility distribution between judicial organs and relevant departments, strengthen the role of families and schools, and vigorously promote the coordinated development of public security organs, judicial organs, government departments and juvenile justice social worker organizations.