民国刑事诉讼法上的微罪不起诉制度

20世纪20年代,起诉便宜主义逐渐在大陆法系国家法律中得到确认,也很快被民国立法者所接受。在民国刑事诉讼法上,微罪不起诉制度是起诉便宜主义的集中体现,这项制度于1928年《刑事诉讼法》中首次得到确立,此后历经多次修改,在检察官作出微罪不起诉处分的考量因素和具体程序等方面得到了完善,但其适用范围则一直比较有限。在实践层面,微罪不起诉在民国时期的适用率始终偏低,因此很难充分实现其应有的价值。

Non-prosecution of Petty Misdemeanors in Criminal Procedure Law of the Republic of China

In the 1920s,the doctrine of prosecuting discretion was gradually confirmed in the laws of civil law countries. Shortly thereafter, it was accepted by the legislators of the Republic of China as well.In the criminal procedure law of the Republic of China, the doctrine of prosecuting discretion was mainly reflected as petty misdemeanor non-prosecution, which was first established in the Criminal Procedure Law of 1928 and had been modified several times since then. By these modifications, the considerations and specific procedures about petty misdemeanor non-prosecution were improved, but the scope of application of the system had been limitedthroughout the time. At the practical level, the applicability rate of petty misdemeanor non-prosecution had been very low, which made it difficult to fulfill its due value.