社区矫正三大管理模式及社会工作介入效果分析——基于循证矫正视角

社区矫正诞生后的相当长历史时期管理模式并没有成为一个问题，直到反矫正运动对社工主导的矫正恢复运动的严重质疑。后来兴起的循证矫正运动中，管理模式成为探讨的一个重要方面，众多研究证据显示综合管理模式的矫正效果优于监督模式和恢复模式。本文通过问卷调查和访谈发现，我国社区矫正北京模式基本属于监督类型，深圳模式类似于综合类型，上海模式则属于综合服务类型但偏向于矫正恢复。数据分析和检验得出，深圳模式和上海模式的矫正效果优于北京模式，工作人员中社工比例的增加会在一定程度上降低再犯。最后建议在社区矫正管理系统设立社工岗位以增强综合管理特征，录用和培训综合型工作人员，同时谨慎对待设立社区矫正警察的呼声。

Three Management Modes of Community Correction and the Effect of Social Work Intervention: from an Evidence-based Correction View

After the birth of community correction, the management mode did not become a problem for quite a long period of history until the anti-correction movement seriously questioned the rehabilitation movement led by social workers. In the evidence-based correction movement, the management mode became a controversial issue, and numerous research evidences showed that the correction effect of integrated management mode was better than that of supervision mode and rehabilitation mode. Based on questionnaire survey and interviews, this article holds that the Beijing mode of community correction basically belongs to the supervision type, the Shenzhen mode is a hybrid type, and the Shanghai mode is also hybrid but with a bias to rehabilitation. The analysis and test of survey data shows that the Shenzhen mode and Shanghai modes are superior to the Beijing mode, and the increase of the proportion of social workers among frontline staff would reduce the recidivism to some extent. It is suggested that more social worker proportions are required in the community correction management system to enhance the hybrid management. The call for comprehensive staff and community correction police should be carefully considered.