论择业自由视野下的竞业限制

择业自由是宪法赋予劳动者的基本权利,保护企业商业秘密是竞业限制设定的主要目的。在择业自由的视野下,竞业限制必须既合法又合理。判断竞业限制是否合法合理要考虑诸多因素,同时还要考虑商业秘密本身的性质。竞业限制在充分保护企业商业秘密,维护企业市场竞争力的同时,要兼顾人才的合理流动,体现对人权的尊重,对弱势群体的特殊保护,达到企业利益、劳动者利益以及社会公共利益的平衡。

A Discussion about Non-competition under the Liberty in Occupational Choice

The liberty in occupational choice is the basic right that the Constitution has given to every laboring people. The main goal of the non-competition is to protect the trade secrets of the enterprises. So the non-competition must be not only reasonable but also legal under the liberty in occupational choice. To judge whether the non-competition is reasonable and legal or not, we must think of factors of every aspects and the nature of trade secrets themselves. Non-competition must give consideration to the reasonable flow of human resources when it tries to protect the trade secrets of enterprises fully and defend the competition of trade market. Only in this way can this reflect the respect for human rights and the special protection for vulnerable groups. And it can achieve the balance among the benefits of enterprises, laboring people and the social public.