民事、行政确认判决辨析

确认判决在民事诉讼和行政诉讼中的作用大相径庭:民事确认判决的主要功能是,保障意思自治,为交易繁荣创造融洽的心理基础,并为民事主体的未来安排提供可靠的基准;行政确认违法判决,主要目的是为相对人的损害赔偿提供前提条件,并尽可能地恢复与弥补相对人的心理伤害。确认行政法律关系判决,在理论上存在诸多障碍,其制度空间十分有限。

On Differences between Civil Declaratory Judgments and Affirmative Declaratory Judgments

Declaratory judgment plays nearly the same role in civil litigation and administrative litigation. In civil litigation, declaratory judgment can ensure autonomy of will and set up a firm psychology basis for trade, bringing a clear picture for future. As to administrative situation, the main purpose of declaratory judgment is to provide a precondition for compensation and remedy psychology injury of the private party as adequate as possible. There are many obstacles of administrative declaratory judgment in theory, and space for this system is limited.