刑事诉讼的功能性结构及其法理学分析

所有刑事诉讼主体的诉讼功能之间的整体关系构成刑事诉讼的功能性结构,经过法理整合的审判、控诉和辩护三种基本诉讼功能之间的关系的整体构成刑事诉讼基本的功能性结构。以刑事诉讼的功能性结构概念为基础建构的“三分圆”理论模型优越于“三角”理论模型,既可藉以对刑事诉讼的基本结构作定性分析,又可藉以对刑事诉讼的结构模式进行定量分析。当事人主义与职权主义结构模式的区别在于刑事审判程序中证据调查的功能性结构的不同,二者的划分严格讲来只适用于刑事审判程序。刑事诉讼的两重结构不是两种结构。

A Nomological Analysis of the Functional Structure of Criminal Proceedings

The functional structure of criminal proceedings is composed of all the functional relationships between the parties concerned in a criminal action.In a perspective of jurisprudence,it is the relationships among the court,prosecution and the defendant that build the fundamental structure of criminal proceedings.Thus,the "three-sector-in-one-round" theory based on the functional structure of criminal proceedings,which is conducive to an analysis of the quality as well as quantity of criminal proceedings,is surely superior to the traditional "isosceles triangle" theory.The key difference between the adversary system and the inquisitorial system lies in the different evidential investigation structures in the trial of a criminal case,which,strictly speaking,is only available for criminal proceedings.Further,the twofold structure of criminal proceedings is by no means a two-kind structure.