Pharmacokinetic profile of paraquat following intravenous administration to the rabbit |
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| Authors: | K Yonemitsu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, LABTOX, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;2. Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil;1. School of Chemistry and Physics, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Science in the College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, City of Tshwane, PO Box 392, South Africa;3. Department of Chemistry/ Physics, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, P. O. Box 94, Medunsa, 0204, South Africa;4. Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | Pharmacokinetic studies of paraquat in rabbits were performed using [methyl-14C]-paraquat. Plasma concentration of paraquat following i.v. administration to the rabbit was fitted to a 3-exponential function of pharmacokinetic analysis. Distribution and elimination were discussed on the basis of the 3-compartment open model system, which has a central and two peripheral compartments. Computer simulations of paraquat levels in each compartment indicated that the slow-uptake peripheral compartment contained a greater amount of paraquat than the central or the fast-uptake peripheral compartment. On the basis of the present results of the computer simulations in company with tissue distributions of paraquat reported by the other investigators, it is likely that the slow-uptake peripheral compartment contains the lung. In cases of paraquat-induced renal failures, the paraquat levels of the slow-uptake peripheral compartment were remarkably higher than in cases of normal renal functions. Histology of the rabbit tissues 7 days after i.v. administration of paraquat revealed that marked changes were observed only in the kidney, suggesting some renal failures induced by paraquat. In spite of the high concentration of paraquat, which was presumed with the computer simulations in this study, the rabbit lung showed a remarkable resistance to paraquat toxicity. The histology studies suggested the complexities of paraquat toxicity to the rabbit. The lung toxicity in the rabbit would be caused by not only the paraquat concentration in the lung but also some biochemical parameters in the tissue related to the mechanisms of paraquat toxicity. |
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