法律与社会控制

社会控制是国家主导,政府自上而下推进的一种治理手段,它通过对社会成员的行为、思想及其价值观念进行指导和约束,以及对各类社会关系进行调节和制约,从而达致一定的社会秩序。在诸多社会控制手段中,法律控制是最具约束力也最为形式理性化的一种。本文简略地梳理了社会控制思想的演化,指出"通过法律的社会控制"是维系社会秩序的有力手段。在对晚清以降的社会控制进行初步考察的基础上,本文指出当代中国的社会控制体系正在由改革开放之前的组织控制转变为1980年代以后的法律控制。

Law and Social Control

Social control is usually used as a measure of governance by the governments at various levels,through which the state restrains his people in order to explore the path to social order.The legal control system,a formal control system of different kinds,is only one of the most binding method to reach the social order.This paper examines the evolution of thought about social control in brief.I show that "social control through law" can maintain the social order powerfully.The paper notes in particular how the control system through organization before the reform and opening to the outside world has been changing to the legal control system since 1980s.