美国少年司法严罚刑事政策的形成、实践与未来

建立独立的少年司法制度，在保护主义的理念下处理少年犯罪，曾经是美国的骄傲，也是其他国家效仿的范本。但自20世纪70年代后期开始，严罚刑事政策开始逐步占据美国少年司法刑事政策的主流，呈现出逐步背弃福利型少年司法传统的趋势。这种转变是在少年犯罪恶化与古典犯罪学派复兴的社会背景与理论背景下发生的，也是对少年司法理念的歪曲。少年司法严罚刑事政策的推行激化了少年法院存废的争论，也遭到了激烈的批评和日益深入的反思。

On American Criminal Policy on Juvenile Justice

Establishing an independent juvenile justice system and handling the juvenile delinquency under the concept of protectionism was once the American pride and the model for other country to study.But since the late 70th of twentieth century,the severe sentence criminal policy began to dominate the mainstream of American juvenile justice criminal policy and gradually deviated from the trend of welfare juvenile justice tradition.This change took place under the background of juvenile delinquency deterioration and revival of classical criminology and distorted the concept of juvenile justice.The practice of juvenile justice severe sentence criminal policy has intensified the debate of existence of juvenile court and encountered fierce criticism and increasingly in-depth reflection.