期望损害赔偿的实现:替代交易的研究

在损害赔偿法中,替代交易是一种有效的计算期望损害赔偿的方法,其已经得到各国国内立法以及国际条约或示范法文本的支持。替代交易相对于传统的期望赔偿或实际履行有独特的理论优势和操作性便利,如接近合同履行后的地位、增加确定性、阻止或最小化间接损失的社会成本、有效分配市场风险等等。替代交易的构成体现为实体要素和程序要素,其中实体要素中合理性最为重要,实践中有必要将替代交易分为搜寻和实际选择两个阶段,而且替代交易无需经由法院或非诉讼程序。替代交易是一种任意性救济方式,只适用于不履行的情况,同时在其适用上不限于商事交易和货物交易等。我国未来的合同法修改应当将替代交易予以制度化,以使期望损害赔偿更具现实力,实现合同救济的目的。

The Realization of Expectation Damages:A Study of Substitute Transaction

Substitute transaction is a kind of measure of expectation in the damages law,which is regulated or accepted by statute or case law in domestic law or international treaty or international model law.Compared with the traditional expectation damages or specific performance,substitute transaction has some prominent advantages,such as realizing the goal of contractual remedies or preventing or minimizing the social cost of consequential loss.Substitute transaction consists of substantial and procedural element...