依法行政的合法化逻辑及其现实情境

在过去三十年的行政法制变革中,"依法行政"逐步成为学界和实务界关于行政法治建设目标和手段的共识。在行政法治语境中,依法行政所蕴含行政合法化逻辑,本质上是通过要求行政活动符合法律,使行政获得形式"合法律性";进一步,由于法律具有民主正当性,符合法律的行政便在这个意义上得到了政治意义上的合法化。但是,由于"法"的多样化和行政的政治化,依法行政逻辑所需要的前提条件已很难得到满足,这导致其在当代行政的现实情境中面临合法化能力的匮乏。因此,需要通过拓展依法行政的合法化逻辑,引入"通过理性的合法化"模式和"通过参与的合法化"模式,以构建一种"复合的行政合法化框架",将依法行政、科学行政、民主行政相统一,从形式和实质维度拓展行政的合法化资源。

Logic Foundation and Practical Text of Administration by Law

In China's context of perusing the Rule of Law and building a rule of law government, the idea of "administration in accordance with law"has been widely accepted by both scholars and law reformers. In its essence, the fundamental logic of that ideology assumes that administrative actions in line with law shall be legitimized, since law is presumed as result of democratic procedure. However, those presumptions are quite far from realities in today's China because of the increasing role of administrative made laws and the real story of administrative functions. To bridge the huge gap between the ideology and the reality, one possible approach is to improve the logic of traditional ideology through introducing additional legitimizing strategies such as models of "legitimization through rationalization" and "legitimization through public participation".